Buddha's
life
In the sixth century B.C., Buddhism was founded by
Siddhartha Gautama. A biography of Siddhartha Gautama was not written during his
lifetime and the earliest accounts of life were not recorded until some three
hundred years after his death. Because there has been much debate by historians
on where to draw the line between history and legend, the history probably
contains much myth. However, this is the history is accepted by most Buddhists
and forms a model for all Buddhists to live by.
Born around 563 B.C., Siddhartha Gautama was son to King Suddhodana Gautama, a
raja (or chieftain) of the Sakya clan and family of the Kshatriya caste of
ancient Bharata. His father reigned over a small district in the Himalayas
between India and Nepal.
At birth he received the name Siddhartha, meaning "he who has accomplished his
objectives", but was also called Sakyamuni ("the wise sage of the Sakya clan"),
Ghagavat ("blessed with happiness"), Tathagata ("the one who has gone thus"),
Jina ("the victorious"), and, probably most common, the Buddha or "the
enlightened one".
When Siddhartha was an infant, a sage visited the King's court and prophesied
that Siddhartha would become either a great ruler like his father if he remained
in the palace or, if he went out into the world, he would become a Buddha. The
King believed that if Siddhartha was exposed to any human misery, he would leave
his home to seek the truth. Therefore, he ordered his subjects to shield
Siddhartha from any form of evil or suffering.
At age sixteen, Siddhartha won the hand of his cousin by performing 12 feats in
the art of archery. He may have taken more wives during his life, but his cousin
Yashodara was his principle wife.
Despite his fathers attempts to keep him confined to the palace, he ventured
outside and observed a leper, a corpse, and an ascetic. From these observations
he determined that happiness was an illusion. As soon as his first son was born,
assuring him that the royal bloodline would be continued, Siddhartha left the
kingdom on a pilgrimage of inquiry and asceticism as a poor beggar monk seeking
truth.
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